Import ESP_UniClock (upstream 1189810)
Vendored from https://github.com/gpeter62/ESP_UniClock: the sketch source, the web UI and the libraries the ESP8266 build needs, unpacked from the bundled zips. Adds a PlatformIO project for the ESP-12. The source is unchanged; local changes follow as separate commits. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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#ifdef PT6311
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//===========================================================================================
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// Driver for the Princeton Technology PT6311 VFD controller/driver IC.
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//
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// Hardware / protocol:
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// The PT6311 is a "smart" VFD grid/segment controller: unlike a dumb shift-register driver
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// (e.g. MAX6921) it contains its own display RAM and internal multiplex/scan generator, so
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// the MCU only has to push a full frame into it after something changes -- the chip itself
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// keeps refreshing the tubes autonomously in the background. That is why writeDisplay()
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// (the timer-ISR hook used by "dumb" drivers) is an empty stub here and setup_pins() never
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// calls startTimer(): there is no ISR-driven multiplex loop for this driver, all display
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// updates go through the blocking writeDisplaySingle().
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// 3-wire serial bus (similar to SPI, chip-specific framing):
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// PIN_LOAD (STB/CS) - LOW while a command/data byte is being shifted in, HIGH between
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// bytes to latch/strobe it. Pulled LOW again for every single byte,
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// i.e. each byte shifted is individually framed by its own STB pulse
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// (see shift()/sendCommand()/writeDisplaySingle()).
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// PIN_CLK - one pulse per bit.
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// PIN_DIN - serial data, LSB-first per byte (see shift(): loop starts at
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// bit 0), which is the opposite bit order of the MAX6921 driver.
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// Command bytes (C1..C4) select a mode: C1 sets 8-digit/20-segment display mode, C2 selects
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// "write display data, auto-increment address", C3 sets the RAM write address, C4 sets
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// brightness/on-off. Display RAM is addressed per digit in steps of 3 (see
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// C3_ADDRESS_SETTING + i*3 in writeDisplaySingle()) because the chip reserves 3 bytes per
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// digit position in its internal RAM regardless of how many of those bits are actually
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// wired to segments on this PCB.
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//
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// Used by (see clocks.h, search for "#define PT6311"):
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// CLOCK_17 - ESP8266 + PT6311, 4x IV-22 tubes, "russian clock"
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//===========================================================================================
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char tubeDriver[] = "PT6311";
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int maxDigits = sizeof(digitEnablePins); //digitEnablePins is a byte[] (1 byte/element), so sizeof() == element count here
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int wt = 1; //Serial timing
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//#define PIN_CLK 14 // Clock
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//#define PIN_DIN 13 // DataIN
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//#define PIN_LOAD 15 // STB pin
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#define SEGMENT8 //if not used, 17 segments or more
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//#define TESTMODE //for testing the segments of a new type VFD module
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//PT6311 Commands
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// Display-control command per brightness step 0(OFF)..10. Bits 3-1 of the low nibble select
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// one of the chip's 8 pulse-width/duty codes (000..111); with 10 non-zero UI brightness
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// levels mapped onto only 8 hardware codes, two steps had to collapse onto the same code.
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// POSSIBLE BUG: index 5 and 6 (below) both encode 0B10001100, and index 8 and 9 both encode
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// 0B10001110 -- i.e. brightness levels 5/6 and 8/9 are indistinguishable on the hardware.
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// This may be intentional (skipping a step to line the mapping up some other way) or a
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// copy-paste slip when the table was typed out; worth confirming against the datasheet.
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byte DISPLAY_MODE[11] = {
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0B00000000, //OFF
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0B10001000, //1
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0B10001001, //2
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0B10001010, //3
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0B10001011, //4
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0B10001100, //5
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0B10001100, //6 // POSSIBLE BUG: identical to level 5 above -- see note above the array
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0B10001101, //7
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0B10001110, //8
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0B10001110, //9 // POSSIBLE BUG: identical to level 8 above -- see note above the array
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0B10001111, //10
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};
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#define C1_DISPLAY_MODE_SETTING B00000000 //8 digit, 20 segments
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#define C2_DATA_SETTING B01000000 //write data to display, addr increment
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#define C2_DATA_SETTING_TESTMODE B01001000 //write data to display, addr increment
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#define C3_ADDRESS_SETTING B11000000 //Address setting to 0
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#define C4_DISPLAY_CONTROL B10001111 //max brightness, ON (kept for reference; actual brightness command is looked up from DISPLAY_MODE[] instead)
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#ifdef SEGMENT8
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//------------------abcdefgDP---------------- definition of different characters
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// 8-bit segment mask per glyph, MSB-first as a,b,c,d,e,f,g,DP (bit7=a .. bit0=DP).
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// Indices 0-9 = digits, 10 = blank, 11 = minus, 12 = decimal point, 13+ = extra glyphs
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// (A,P,C,deg,%%,lower-circle,I,F) -- this indexing matches the digit[]/newDigit[] encoding
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// used by the core firmware (see ESP32_UniClock2.ino), so digit[] values map 1:1 into this
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// table without any translation layer (unlike the ASCII/16-segment branch below).
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#define MAXSEGMENTS 8
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boolean ASCIImode = false;
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byte charDefinition[] = {
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B11111100, //0: abcdef
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B01100000, //1: bc
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B11011010, //2: abdeg
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B11110010, //3: abcdg
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B01100110, //4: bcfg
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B10110110, //5: acdfg
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B10111110, //6: acdefg
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B11100000, //7: abc
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B11111110, //8: abcdefg
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B11110110, //9: abcdfg
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B00000000, // : BLANK (10)
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B00000010, //-: minus (11)
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B00000001, // decimal point (12)
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B11101110, // A abcefg (13)
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B11001110, // P abefg (14)
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B10011100, // C adef (15)
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B11000110, //grad (upper circle) abfg (16)
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B10110100, //% acdf (17)
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B00111010, //lower circle cdeg (18)
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B01100000, //I bc (19)
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B10001110 //F aefg (20)
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};
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//byte segmentEnablePins[] = {9,8,5,3,4,7,6,2}; //segment enable bits (a,b,c,d,e,f,g,DP) (You MUST define always 8 bits!!!)
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#else //16 segment + DP ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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#define C1_DISPLAY_MODE_SETTING B00000000 //8 digit, 20 segments
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#define MAXSEGMENTS 17
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boolean ASCIImode = true;
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// Full 16-segment-star + DP font, indexed by ASCII code - 32 (i.e. index 0 = space/0x20).
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// Since digit[]/newDigit[] hold the compact 0-9/BLANK/minus/DP/glyph codes (not ASCII), the
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// ASCIImode path in writeDisplaySingle() first maps digit[i] through asciiConvert[] to get an
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// actual ASCII character, then subtracts 32 to index into this table.
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uint32_t charDefinition[96] = {
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0b00000000000000000, /* (space) */
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0b10000000000001100, /* ! */
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0b00000001000000100, /* " */ // 100000001
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0b01010101000111100, /* # */
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0b01010101010111011, /* $ */
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0b01110111010011001, /* % */
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0b01001001101110001, /* & */
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0b00000001000000000, /* ' */
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0b00001010000000000, /* ( */
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0b00100000100000000, /* ) */
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0b01111111100000000, /* * */
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0b01010101000000000, /* + */
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0b00100000000000000, /* , */
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0b01000100000000000, /* - */
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0b10000000000000000, /* . */
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0b00100010000000000, /* / */
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0b00100010011111111, /* 0 */
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0b00000010000001100, /* 1 */
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0b01000100001110111, /* 2 */
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0b00000100000111111, /* 3 */
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0b01000100010001100, /* 4 */
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0b01001000010110011, /* 5 */
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0b01000100011111011, /* 6 */
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0b00000000000001111, /* 7 */
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0b01000100011111111, /* 8 */
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0b01000100010111111, /* 9 */
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0b00010001000000000, /* : */
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0b00100001000000000, /* ; */
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0b01001010000000000, /* < */
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0b01000100000110000, /* = */
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0b00100100100000000, /* > */
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0b10010100000000111, /* ? */
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0b00000101011110111, /* @ */
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0b01000100011001111, /* A */
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0b00010101000111111, /* B */
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0b00000000011110011, /* C */
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0b00010001000111111, /* D */
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0b01000000011110011, /* E */
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0b01000000011000011, /* F */
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0b00000100011111011, /* G */
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0b01000100011001100, /* H */
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0b00010001000110011, /* I */
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0b00000000001111100, /* J */
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0b01001010011000000, /* K */
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0b00000000011110000, /* L */
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0b00000010111001100, /* M */
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0b00001000111001100, /* N */
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0b00000000011111111, /* O */
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0b01000100011000111, /* P */
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0b00001000011111111, /* Q */
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0b01001100011000111, /* R */
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0b01000100010111011, /* S */
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0b00010001000000011, /* T */
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0b00000000011111100, /* U */
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0b00100010011000000, /* V */
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0b00101000011001100, /* W */
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0b00101010100000000, /* X */
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0b01000100010111100, /* Y */
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0b00100010000110011, /* Z */
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0b00010001000010010, /* [ */
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0b00001000100000000, /* \ */
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0b00010001000100001, /* ] */
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0b00101000000000000, /* ^ */
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0b00000000000110000, /* _ */
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0b00000000100000000, /* ` */
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0b01010000001110000, /* a */
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0b01010000011100000, /* b */
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0b01000000001100000, /* c */
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0b00010100000011100, /* d */
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0b01100000001100000, /* e */
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0b01010101000000010, /* f */
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0b01010001010100001, /* g */
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0b01010000011000000, /* h */
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0b00010000000000000, /* i */
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0b00010001001100000, /* j */
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0b00011011000000000, /* k */
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0b00000000011000000, /* l */
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0b01010100001001000, /* m */
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0b01010000001000000, /* n */
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0b01010000001100000, /* o */
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0b01000001011000001, /* p */
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0b01010001010000001, /* q */
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0b01000000001000000, /* r */
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0b01010000010100001, /* s */
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0b01000000011100000, /* t */
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0b00010000001100000, /* u */
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0b00100000001000000, /* v */
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0b00101000001001000, /* w */
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0b00101010100000000, /* x */
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0b00000101000011100, /* y */
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0b01100000000100000, /* z */
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0b01010001000010010, /* { */
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0b00010001000000000, /* | */
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0b00010101000100001, /* } */
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0b01100110000000000, /* ~ */
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0b00000000000000000, /* (del) */
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};
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//byte segmentEnablePins[] = {16,7,0,1,2,3,4,5,6,8,9,11,10,12,13,14,15}; //segment enable bits
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#endif
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// Maps the special glyph codes (BLANK, minus, DP, A,P,C,deg,%,circle,I,F -- digit[] values
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// 10..20) onto printable ASCII characters, used only when ASCIImode is true (16-segment
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// branch) so the digit[i] index can be turned into an ASCII char before it is used to look up
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// charDefinition[]. Note this string is 1:1 positional with the 10..20 glyph codes, i.e.
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// asciiConvert[0] corresponds to digit value 0 ('0'), asciiConvert[10] (' ') to BLANK, etc.
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char asciiConvert[] = "0123456789 -.APC~%oIF";
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#define MAXCHARS sizeof(charDefinition)/sizeof(charDefinition[0])
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// Bit-bangs one byte out on PIN_DIN/PIN_CLK. NOTE: LSB-first (i starts at 0, tests bit 1<<i
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// from the low end) -- the PT6311 expects the least-significant bit of each command/data byte
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// first, which is the reverse of many other shift-register based drivers in this project.
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void inline shift(byte Data) {
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for (int i=0;i<8;i++) {
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digitalWrite(PIN_CLK,LOW);
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delayMicroseconds(2);
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digitalWrite(PIN_DIN, Data & (1<<i));
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delayMicroseconds(5);
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digitalWrite(PIN_CLK,HIGH);
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delayMicroseconds(5);
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digitalWrite(PIN_CLK,LOW);
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delayMicroseconds(2);
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}
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}
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// Sends a single command/address byte framed by its own STB (PIN_LOAD) pulse: LOW while
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// shifting, HIGH afterwards to latch it into the chip. Used for the C1/C3 setup commands;
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// writeDisplaySingle() below repeats this same LOW/shift/HIGH framing manually per-byte
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// instead of reusing this helper, since it needs to keep PIN_LOAD low across the multi-byte
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// per-digit data burst.
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void ICACHE_RAM_ATTR sendCommand(byte val){ //for commands C1..C3
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digitalWrite(PIN_LOAD,LOW);
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delayMicroseconds(2);
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shift(val);
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digitalWrite(PIN_LOAD,HIGH);
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delayMicroseconds(2);
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//DPRINT(address,HEX); DPRINT(","); DPRINTLN(val,HEX);
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}
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void setup_pins() {
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DPRINTLN("PT6311 Clock - Setup pins...");
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pinMode(PIN_LOAD,OUTPUT); regPin(PIN_LOAD,"PIN_LOAD");
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pinMode(PIN_DIN, OUTPUT); regPin(PIN_DIN,"PIN_DIN");
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pinMode(PIN_CLK, OUTPUT); regPin(PIN_CLK,"PIN_CLK");
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digitalWrite(PIN_CLK, HIGH);
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digitalWrite(PIN_LOAD, HIGH);
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// Hardcoded to match the SEGMENT8 charDefinition table currently active above (only digits
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// + '%' are used by the core when digitsOnly==true, see ESP32_UniClock2.ino). If SEGMENT8
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// is ever disabled to switch this driver to the 16-segment/ASCIImode table, this should
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// probably become "digitsOnly = !ASCIImode;" instead of staying hardcoded true.
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digitsOnly = true;
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delay(10);
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sendCommand(C1_DISPLAY_MODE_SETTING);
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}
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#if defined(ESP32)
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void IRAM_ATTR writeDisplaySingle(){
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#else
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void ICACHE_RAM_ATTR writeDisplaySingle(){
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#endif
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byte newBright = 0;
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uint32_t bitBuffer;
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int dispChar;
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static int count = 15;
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newBright = displayON ? prm.dayBright : prm.nightBright;
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if (newBright>10) newBright = 10; //clamp: DISPLAY_MODE[] only has 11 entries (indices 0..10)
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digitalWrite(PIN_LOAD, LOW); //safety only
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delayMicroseconds(2);
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// C2_DATA_SETTING switches the chip into "write display data / auto-increment address"
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// mode; DISPLAY_MODE[newBright] is then a second command byte (not display data) setting
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// brightness/on-off -- both are sent back-to-back inside the same PIN_LOAD-low window
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// opened just above.
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sendCommand(C2_DATA_SETTING);
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sendCommand(DISPLAY_MODE[newBright]);
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for (int i=0;i<maxDigits;i++) {
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dispChar = digit[i];
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if (ASCIImode) {
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// FIXED: previously "dispChar -= 32" ran unconditionally, even when the bounds check just
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// below skipped the asciiConvert[] lookup (dispChar >= sizeof(asciiConvert), or dispChar==21
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// landing on the string's NUL terminator) - that produced a negative index into
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// charDefinition[] a few lines down (out-of-bounds read). Now the subtraction only happens
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// together with a successful lookup; anything unmapped falls back to charDefinition[0], the
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// blank/space glyph, instead of indexing out of bounds.
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if (dispChar<sizeof(asciiConvert)-1) { //-1 excludes the string's NUL terminator (see asciiConvert[] above)
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dispChar = asciiConvert[dispChar] - 32;
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} else {
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dispChar = 0; //unmapped/out-of-range code -> blank glyph (charDefinition[0])
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}
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}
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bitBuffer = 0;
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digitalWrite(PIN_LOAD,LOW);
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delayMicroseconds(2);
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// Address increments by 3 per digit (not 1) -- the PT6311 reserves 3 RAM bytes per digit
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// position internally (enough for up to 24 segment bits), even though this build only
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// uses 1-2 of them (MAXSEGMENTS is 8 or 17, see charDefinition table above).
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shift(C3_ADDRESS_SETTING + i*3); //set display address
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for (int j=0;j<MAXSEGMENTS;j++)
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if ((charDefinition[dispChar] & (uint32_t)1<<(MAXSEGMENTS-1-j)) != 0) {
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bitBuffer |= (uint32_t)1<<segmentEnablePins[j];
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}
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if (digitDP[i]) bitBuffer |= (uint32_t)1<<segmentEnablePins[7]; //Decimal Point
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//DPRINT(charDefinition[dispChar],BIN); DPRINT(" / "); DPRINTLN(bitBuffer,BIN);
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if (newBright==0) bitBuffer = 0; //switch OFF display
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// Always shifts 2 (or 3) bytes per digit regardless of MAXSEGMENTS, even in 8-segment
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// mode where only the low byte carries real segment bits -- the chip expects a fixed
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// per-digit byte count matching the RAM stride set above (i*3), so the extra byte(s) of
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// padding are required protocol filler, not wasted work.
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shift(bitBuffer & 0xFF);
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shift(bitBuffer >>8);
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if (MAXSEGMENTS>16) shift(bitBuffer >>16);
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delayMicroseconds(2);
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digitalWrite(PIN_LOAD,HIGH);
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delayMicroseconds(2);
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} //end for i
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/* //TEST mode
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digitalWrite(PIN_LOAD, LOW); //upload data
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delayMicroseconds(2);
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shift(C3_ADDRESS_SETTING);
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for (int i=0;i<48;i++) {
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shift(0xff); // Data to fill table 5*16 = 80 bits
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//shift(0x00); // Data to fill table 5*16 = 80 bits
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//shift(0xff); // Data to fill table 5*16 = 80 bits
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}
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digitalWrite(PIN_LOAD, HIGH);
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delay(2);
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*/
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}
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/*********************** Send command without strobe/chip select******************************************/
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// No-op: this driver has no timer-ISR multiplex loop (see file header) -- the PT6311 refreshes
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// its own tubes internally, so there is nothing for the periodic writeDisplay() ISR hook to do.
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void writeDisplay() {}
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// clearTubes() is a required part of the common driver interface, but nothing in the core .ino
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// calls it any more (its only former caller, disableDisplay(), has been removed entirely as dead
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// code) - kept as a no-op stub purely for interface compliance. If a synchronous immediate-blank is
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// ever needed again, this would have to actively send an all-blank frame instead.
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void clearTubes() {}
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#endif
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